Search results for " vigilance"

Executive and arousal vigilance decrement in the context of the attentional networks: The ANTI-Vea task

2018

Vigilance is generally understood as the ability to detect infrequent critical events through long time periods. In tasks like the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), participants tend to detect fewer events across time, a phenomenon known as vigilance decrement. However, vigilance might also involve sustaining a tonic arousal level. In the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), the vigilance decrement corresponds to an increment across time in both mean and variability of reaction time. New Method: The present study aimed to develop a single task Attentional Networks Test for Interactions and Vigilance executive and arousal components (ANTI-Vea) to simultaneously assess both components…

Impaired conflict resolution and vigilance in euthymic bipolar disorder.

2015

Abstract Difficulty attending is a common deficit of euthymic bipolar patients. However, it is not known whether this is a global attentional deficit or relates to a specific attentional network. According to the attention network approach, attention is best understood in terms of three functionally and neuroanatomically distinct networks-alerting, orienting, and executive control. In this study, we explored whether and which of the three attentional networks are altered in euthymic Bipolar Disorder (BD). A sample of euthymic BD patients and age-matched healthy controls completed the Attention Network Test for Interactions and Vigilance (ANTI-V) that provided not only a measure of orienting…

Individual Differences in Dispositional Mindfulness Predict Attentional Networks and Vigilance Performance

2022

Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Tao Coll-Martín, Fernando G. Luna, and Miguel A. Vadillo for the kind and helpful input provided during the development of this research project.

Differences in Sustained Attention Capacity as a Function of Aerobic Fitness.

2016

AB Purpose: We investigated the relationship between aerobic fitness and sustained attention capacity by comparing task performance and brain function, by means of event-related potentials (ERP), in high- and low-fit young adults. Methods: Two groups of participants (22 higher-fit and 20 lower-fit) completed a 60-min version of the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). Behavioral (i.e., reaction time) and electrophysiological (ERP) (i.e., contingent negative variation and P3) were obtained and analyzed as a function of time-on-task. A submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness test confirmed the between-groups difference in terms of aerobic fitness. Results: The results revealed shorter reaction time…

Under my wing: lesser kestrels and jackdaws derive reciprocal benefits in mixed-species colonies

2011

In mixed-species assemblages, antipredator benefits for a timid species nesting close to a more pugnacious one are often reported. Advantages for the protected species are usually manifested in terms of higher reproductive success than conspecifics nesting remote to the protector species. Whether the protector species also accrues any benefit remains untested, and the species-specific behavioral traits underlying enhanced reproductive output in mixed-species associations remain poorly documented. We studied associations between lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) and jackdaws (Corvus monedula) nesting in rural buildings in the Gela Plain (Italy). We tested for interspecific interactions of jac…

Whence pseudoscience? An epidemiological approach

2017

In this paper, we develop an epidemiological approach to account for the typical features and persistent popularity of pseudoscience. An epidemiology of pseudoscience aims at explaining why some beliefs become widely distributed whereas others do not and hence seeks to identify the factors that exert a causal effect on this distribution. We pinpoint and discuss several factors that promote the dissemination of pseudoscientific beliefs. In particular, we argue that such beliefs manage to spread widely because they are intuitively appealing, manage to hitchhike on the authority of science, and successfully immunize themselves from criticism.

Défaut de vigilance du conseil d'administration et partage de responsabilité

2017

International audience; Note sous Cour de cassation (com.), 26 avril 2017, n° 15-18.908 (F-D), Sté Éco-Emballages c/ K.

Etat de vigilance. Critique de la banalité sécuritaire

2010

Didactic transposition of the biodiversity concept. A study of Spanish high-school textbooks

2021

Este trabajo estudia la presencia y complejidad en el tratamiento del concepto de diversidad biológica en libros de texto de educación secundaria, tanto de la obligatoria (ESO) como del bachillerato de España. Se recopilaron trabajos científicos de la «comunidad de expertos» con el objetivo de definir el ámbito conceptual de la biodiversidad, que actúa de vigilante epistemológico en el proceso de transposición didáctica. Los resultados mostraron una multiplicidad de definiciones de la biodiversidad en libros de texto, con un fuerte predominio de reducción a la idea de número de especies (riqueza), lo que pone en evidencia su desactualización. A la luz de este estudio, el listado de contenid…

Sport participation and vigilance in children: Influence of different sport expertise

2018

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise (externally-paced vs. self-paced sports) and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovascular fitness level of the participants. METHODS: Three groups of children (11.0 ± 0.2 years) differentiated in terms of their regular sport participation (football players, n = 20; track and field athletes, n = 20; non-athletic controls, n = 20) took part in the study. In one session, participants performed the Leger Multi-stage fitness test to estimate their aerobic fitness level. In another session, participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) to evaluate their v…